Operating silently and without any moving parts or environmental emissions, PV systems have developed from being niche market applications into a mature technology used for mainstream electricity generation. Nowadays, most PV systems are grid-connected, while off-grid or stand-alone systems account for a small portion of the market. PV systems range from small, rooftop-mounted or building-integrated systems with capacities from a few to several tens of kilowatts, to large utility-scale power stations of hundreds of megawatts. A solar array only encompasses the ensemble of solar panels, the visible part of the PV system, and does not include all the other hardware, often summarized as balance of system (BOS). PV systems convert light directly into electricity, and are not to be confused with other solar technologies, such as concentrated solar power or solar thermal, used for heating and cooling. It may also use a solar tracking system to improve the system's overall performance and include an integrated battery. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to convert the output from direct to alternating current, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working system. Solar PV system on Zugspitze, Germany's highest mountain-topĪ photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.Commercial rooftop PV system of about 400 kW p.Topaz, one of the world's largest solar power station, as seen from space.Westmill solar park in the United Kingdom.Rooftop system in Boston, United States.Solar string inverter and other BOS components.The general wiring diagram of power monitors in a three-phase grid below. The general wiring diagram of an energy monitor in a single-phase grid below.įor the integrated monitoring of three-phase grid you need: Also, Household consumption (B) can be calculated on the Dashboard using the Energy Balance Equation:ī = A + C - D Single Phase Solar Power Monitoringįor a complete monitoring of a single-phase grid, one three-line (three-phase) smart-MAC power meter D103 is required. If it installed at the entrance to the house ( B), then it will be only controlled on user consumption by the house. For point C_D you need the Extended version of the device.ģ. If it installed on a public grid ( C_D), there will be data on the difference between generation and user consumption. If it installed behind the inverter ( A), it will only monitor generated electricity. With smart-MAC Energy monitors, it is possible to monitor any of that point.ġ. If the Photovoltaic is installed on the territory of the household, then three points are of interest for complex monitoring: - point A generation by Photovoltaic - point B user consumption by your Household - point C taking Energy from the public grid and D sending Energy to the public grid Complex monitoring of Solar plant and Households
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